Pain control medications in dentistry are described in detail. All topics covered in this chapter are given in a box in the beginning of the chapter. Salient features of each topic are given in 15 tables for easy learning. Neurophysiology of pain, pain management, non-opioid drugs, opioids, steroid anti-inflammatory, topical analgesic agents are described in detail. Basic methods of pain management, different techniques used to manage operative pain, contraindications of vasoconstrictor, the disadvantages and limitations of electronic anaesthesia, contraindications of nitrous oxide, basic guidelines to minimize post-operative pain, commonly used analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs are given in boxes. 15 references are given at the end of the chapter for further reading.