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Chapter-10 Spinal Trauma

BOOK TITLE: Principles and Practice of Trauma Care

Author
1. Sahoo PK
ISBN
9789350257173
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11942_10
Edition
2/e
Publishing Year
2013
Pages
27
Author Affiliations
1. Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India, New Delhi, Tata Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
Chapter keywords

Abstract

Spinal cord injury is a mortal condition and has been recognized as such since antiquity. Ideal management now demands on the spot treatment, immobilization, proper transportation, rapid evacuation from the site of accident. Improved emergency care and effective medical and surgical management at a centre where intensive care of the patients can be supervised by a specialist in spinal cord injuries will prevent morbidity and mortality. Most injuries occur as result of major vehicle accidents (60%), followed by fall (20%), act of violence mostly gun-shot wounds (14%). Types of spinal injuries are flexion compression injuries, vertical compression injuries, flexion rotation injuries, distraction flexion injuries, compressive extention injury, distractive extention injury, hyperflexion followed by hyperextention injury and penetrating injuries. The aims of evaluation of spine injured patients are simultaneous diagnosis and resuscitation, prevent/limit secondary injuries, recognise and treat associated injuries. Today MRI is the imaging modality of choice in evaluation of traumatic cord lesions because of this ability to visualise the spinal cord directly by sagittal, coronal and axial scans without the need for contrast. Management will depend on the severity of damage and it varies from medical management to surgery and stabilization. Bladder function, bowel function and skin case and joint mobility are the core of nursing care.

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