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Chapter-34 Back and Related Muscle Spasm: Causes and Pain Management

BOOK TITLE: Symptom Oriented Pain Management

Author
1. Ingalhalikar VT
ISBN
9789350257975
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11597_34
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2012
Pages
12
Author Affiliations
1. Ex-Professor of Orthopaedics and Head of Department-Spine Unit, LTM Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India and Jupiter Hospital, Thane, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Adity Nursing Home, Gokhare Road, Thane (W), Maharashtra, Ashwini Back Institute; ”Spine Clinic”, Jupiter Hospital, Thane, Maharashtra, India, Spine Clinic; Jupiter Hospital, Thane, Maharashtra, India
Chapter keywords

Abstract

Muscle spasm is a non-volitional persistent contraction skeletal muscle, induced by some underlying pathology which prevents the movement of affected part due to pain. The most common cause of muscle spasm is an injury to the annulus fibrosus of intervertebral disk, lumbar roots inflammation etc. The spine is surrounded by large number of musculotendinous structures which can be strained, sprained or ruptured and may lead to perispinal muscle spasm. The loads increase with changed postures like forward bending, lateral tilting, rotation etc. The symptoms and signs include various postural changes, lumbar spasm, disc herniation, hyperactivity etc. Psoas major spasm, hip adductors and abductor spasm, SI joint pain and muscle spasm, spinal tilt in PID, hamstring spasm in acute painful stage, hysterical muscle spasm etc., are also considered for clinical examination. Some of important diagnostic measures like anesthetic blocks and absence of spasm in the presence of large PID are used to investigate the underlying pathology. Treatment measures of muscle spasm include rest, use of drugs like NSAIDs, local counter irritant, use of local cold packs, electrical stimulation, stretching exercises and spinal braces etc.

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