One of the most common complaints of the patients is low back pain which is also called as lumbar pain. There is no definite diagnostic cause as most of the back pain is benign. Most cases will be diagnosed as mechanical low back pain. It is often a complex puzzle when looking for the pain generator. Symptoms can be localized pain in the lower lumbar region, and may occur with referred pain into one side over the other. Summation of all the findings of physical examination must be combined with the history taken which helps in determining a treatment and diagnostic plan for the action for the action of patient. Degenerative changes in the facets, the disks, as well as looking at the neuroforamina and the central spinal canal can be determined with the help of MRI and CT scan. Based on the physical examination findings and history of the patient, differential diagnostics can be generated. Treatment protocols differs case-by-case basis.