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Chapter-41 A Cosmetic uses of Botulinum Toxin

BOOK TITLE: ACS(I) Textbook on Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery

Author
1. Shetty MK
2. Thomas Mary
ISBN
9789350258903
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11651_58
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2012
Pages
17
Author Affiliations
1. Dr. Shetty’s Medical and Aesthetic Skin Solutions, Prestige Delta, St. Mark’s Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Dr Shetty’s Medical and Aesthetic Skin Solutions Prestige Delta, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Dr Shetty’s Center for Aesthetic Medicine, Vikram Hospital; Carefit Group of Clinics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
2. Dr. Shetty’s Medical and Aesthetic Skin Solutions, C-6, Devatha Plaza, Residency Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Poornima Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Chapter keywords

Abstract

The word “botulinum” is derived from the Latin word for sausage, “botulus”. Justinus Kerner, a German physician, described food-borne botulism and its clinical symptoms during the period between 1817 and 1822. In 1997, Jean and Allister Carruthers observed the improvement of glabellar rhytides in patients treated for blepharospasm. Five years later BTX A was approved by the FDA in 2002 for the temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe glabellar lines associated with corrugator and/or procerus muscle activity in adult patients less than 65 years of age. Since then, its use has expanded to include a wide range of clinical applications for the aging face. The technique has emerged as a common esthetic procedure. In a short span of time, BTX has established its role in the nonsurgical management of aging skin. The technique is a safe, simple and effective modality when applied by a properly trained physician. A thorough knowledge of muscle anatomy and physiology and proper patient selection are essential. Botox can also be combined with other esthetic treatments such as fillers, microdermabrasion, peels, thread lifts and laser resurfacing. As with all esthetic techniques, proper patient counseling with respect to treatment outcome is important. A fascinating aspect of esthetic treatments in recent years has been the harnessing of the most potent neurotoxin known into a molecule of significant medical utility. Botulinum toxin (BTX), one of the most poisonous biological substances, is also the first such toxin licensed for treatment of human disease. It is an exotoxin produced by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum, an anaerobic grampositive, spore-forming bacteria occurring naturally in soil, on plants, water and the alimentary tracts of animals. BTXs act by preventing the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction thereby causing muscle paralysis. Despite their toxic potential, BTXs play a significant role in management of various medical and dermatological conditions, apart from their popular usage in cosmetic dermatology for dynamic lines of the face. This chapter deals with cosmetic indications.

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