Restrictive cardiomyopathy is an idiopathic or systemic disorder characterized by restrictive filling, normal or reduced left ventricular (LV), and right ventricular (RV) volumes and normal or near normal LV systolic function. The involvement can be myocardial or endomyocardial. The causes of myocardial restrictive cardiomyopathy could be because of scleroderma, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, Gaucher’s disease, hemochromatosis, Fabry’s disease or because of idiopathic causes. Obliterative restrictive cardiomyopathy is seen in endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) and hypereosinophilic syndrome. Nonobliterative endomyocardial disease is seen in carcinoid, malignant infiltration, radiation or drugs. Though a large number of causes have been identified, most common conditions are EMF, amyloidosis, sarcoidosis and the idiopathic variety. The enigma of endomyocardial fibrosis, geographical distribution, and history of endomyocardial fibrosis are studied. Endomyocardial fibrosis in India, cardiac amyloidosis, other infiltrative and storage disorders are described.