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Chapter-035 Dry Eye

BOOK TITLE: Copeland and Afshari's Principles and Practice of Cornea (2 Volumes)

Author
1. Sheppard John D
2. Bowman Kevin M
ISBN
9789350901724
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11777_35
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2013
Pages
16
Author Affiliations
1. Thomas R. Lee Centre for Ocular, Pharmacology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA, Thomas R. Lee Centre for Ocular Pharmacology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23501, USA, Thomas R Lee Centre for Ocular Pharmacology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA, Thomas R. Lee, Centre for Ocular Pharmacology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23501, USA, Thomas R Lee Centre for Ocular, Pharmacology Eastern Virginia, Medical School, Virginia Eye Consultants, 241 Corporate Boulevard, Norfolk, Virginia, USA, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23501, USA, Thomas R Lee Center for Ocular Pharmacology; Eastern Virginia Medical School; Norfolk, Virginia, USA, Thomas R Lee Center for Ocular Pharmacology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
2. Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Chapter keywords
Sjögren’s syndrome, Schirmer test, meniscometry, punctual occlusion, dellen, corneal thinning, blepharitis

Abstract

Dry eye is a ubiquitous condition seen in clinical practice and is often a chief complaint among patients presenting to the ophthalmologist. This chapter provides an update on the diagnosis, treatment, and pathophysiology of dry eye as well as the acute and chronic management. Risk factors for dry eye syndrome are numerous and include both ocular and systemic etiologies. There are a significant number of systemic comorbidities that have been linked to dry eye and are listed and explained in the chapter. Intrinsic ocular risk factors of dry eye are numerous. Evaluation and treatment of these underlying conditions is crucial for effective control of dry eye. Severity of the dry eye symptoms may vary from mild foreign body sensation to debilitating eye pain and decreased vision. Proper diagnosis with detailed medical history of the patient will enable to decide the treatment option. There are multiple tests to assess the severity of dryness in the eye such as Schirmer test, Tear Osmolarity Measurement and others. With the advent of new methods of diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment patient satisfaction and improved quality of life may be expected.

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