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Chapter-076 Amniotic Membrane Transplantation

BOOK TITLE: Copeland and Afshari's Principles and Practice of Cornea (2 Volumes)

Author
1. Agarwal Amar
2. Jacob Soosan
ISBN
9789350901724
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11777_76
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2013
Pages
12
Author Affiliations
1. Eye Research Centre and Dr. Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hospitals, Chennai, Bangalore, Trichy, Jaipur, Salem, Kerala, India, Dr Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hospitals and Eye Research Centre, 19 Cathedral Road Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Dr Agarwal’s Eye Hospital, 9, Cathedral Road, C,hennai, India, Dr Agarwal’s Eye Institute, 13 Cathedral Road, Chennai, India, Dr. Agarwal’s Eye Hospital, 19 Cathedral Road, Chennai, India, 15 Eagle Street, Langford Town Bangalore, India, Villa No. 2, Roundhouse 3, Al Wasl Road, Dubai PB 9168, Dubai, Dr. Agarwal’s Eye Hospital, 19 Cathedral Road, Chennai, India, 15 Eagle Street, Langford Town Bangalore, India, Villa No. 2, Roundhouse 3, Al Wasl Road, Dubai PB, Dubai, Dr Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hospitals, and Eye Research Centre, Chennai, India., Dr. Agarwal’s group of eye hospitals at Chennai, Bangalore, Jaipur, Salem and Trichy, India, Dr. Agarwal’s Eye Hospital, 19, Cathedral Road, Chennai-600086, India, Dr Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hospitals and Eye Research Centre 19,
2. Dr Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hospitals and Eye Research Centre, 19 Cathedral Road Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Dr Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hospitals, and Eye Research Centre, Chennai, India., Dr. Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hospitals and Eye Research Centre, Chennai, India, Dr. Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hospitals, Chennai, India, Dr Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hospitals, and Eye Research Centre, 19 Cathedral Road, Chennai, India, Dr. Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hospitals Chennai, India, Dr Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hospitals and Eye Research Center, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Dr Agarwal's Group of Eye Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Dr Agarwal’s Refractive and Cornea, Foundation, Dr Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Dr Agarwal’s Refractive and Cornea Foundation, Dr Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Dr Agarwal’s Refractive and Cornea Foundation (DARCF); Dr Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Dr Agarwal’s Group of Eye Hos
Chapter keywords
Amniotic membrane, Amniotic membrane graft, Persistent epithelial defect, Corneal/scleral melts, Bullous keratopathy, Limbal stem cells, Pterygium excision, Fornix reconstruction, Ocular surface reconstruction, Symblepharon formation

Abstract

Amniotic membrane is used in ophthalmology because of its anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic properties as well as its ability to promote epithelial differentiation, adhesion and migration. They have been used in the treatment of persistent epithelial defects secondary to neurotrophic corneas, autoimmune disorders, or limbal stem cell deficiency. The amniotic membrane is used as a patch graft or an inlay-onlay graft in case of corneal/scleral melts. Amniotic membrane grafting is used to treat bullous keratopathy. Amniotic membrane can be used to expand the surviving limbal stem cells and the transient amplifying cells of the cornea. After the fornix dissection, the affected part of the bulbar, forniceal and palpebral conjunctiva is covered with amniotic membrane. Amniotic membranes can be used in pterygium surgery and for ocular surface reconstruction. The amniotic membrane graft also prevents symblepharon formation by acting as a physical barrier. The amniotic membrane is used to cover the defect after excising the area of thin and avascular conjunctiva.

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