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Chapter-094 Preoperative Considerations: Corneal Topography

BOOK TITLE: Copeland and Afshari's Principles and Practice of Cornea (2 Volumes)

Author
1. Klyce Stephen D
2. Espana Edgar M
3. Waring IV George O
ISBN
9789350901724
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11777_94
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2013
Pages
18
Author Affiliations
1. Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Port Washington, New York, USA
2. University of South Florida, Tampa, USA, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
3. Medical University of South Carolina; Storm Eye Institute; Magill Vision Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA, Magill Vision Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
Chapter keywords
Corneal topography, ectatic corneal disorders, Placido’s disk, photokeratoscope view, elevation map, pachymetry, pupil diameter, corneal tomographers, Placido-based corneal topography, keratoconus, excimer laser for topography-guided ablations

Abstract

Corneal topography plays a critical role in the evaluation and management of corneal disease. It also helps in the early detection of risk factors involved for development of ectatic corneal disorders and the corneal changes induced by contact lens wear. Corneal topography is based on the computerized analysis of corneal images obtained using a Placido’s disk. This chapter discusses in detail about the corneal topography and the topics covered are development of corneal topography, corneal topography displays and scales (photokeratoscope view, elevation map, etc), quantitative descriptors of corneal topography, corneal topography and tear film, normal corneal topographic parameters and deviation from the normal, adjunct screening tools (pachymetry and pupil diameter) and corneal topographers and corneal tomographers. Placido-based corneal topography is a diagnostic tool which is used to detect abnormal corneal topography such as keratoconus. Information obtained from corneal topographers not only provides diagnostic information, but also can be linked to the excimer laser for topography-guided ablations.

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