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Chapter-24 Ophthalmology

BOOK TITLE: Partha’s Fundamentals of Pediatrics

Author
1. Surendran TS
2. Srikanth R
3. Swaminathan Meenakshi
ISBN
9789350903612
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11899_69
Edition
2/e
Publishing Year
2013
Pages
4
Author Affiliations
1. Strabismological Society of India, Sankara Nethralaya, 18, College Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Strabismological Society of India and Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Sankara Nethralaya Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Medical Research Foundation, Shankara Nethralaya, Chennai
2. Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Sankara Nethralaya, 18, College Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
3. Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Strabismus Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, India, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and LTMG Hospital, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Sankara Nethralaya, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Chapter keywords
ophthalmology, esotropia, retinopathy, eye diseases, homocystinuria

Abstract

This chapter discusses ophthalmology. Eye diseases can affect children from birth to teenage years. Familiarity with the spectrum of eye diseases affecting children is essential for timely management. Premature children, especially those born at less than 32 weeks of gestation and those with weight less than 1.5 kg at birth are at risk for development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Also implicated are factors such as supplemental oxygen therapy, hypoxemia amongst many others. Children may be born with cataracts in one or both eyes. This may be inherited or secondary to metabolic disorders like homocystinuria, galactosemia or intrauterine infections, most notably rubella. Esotropia could be further divided into concomitant, wherein the angle of deviation is constant in all fields of gaze, or incomitant where it is different in different fields of gaze.

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