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Chapter-58 Hypertensive Crisis in the PICU

BOOK TITLE: IAP Textbook of Pediatric ICU Protocols

Author
1. Ramachandran Bala
2. Ravikumar KG
3. Kumar K Senthil
ISBN
9789350903704
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11878_58
Edition
2/e
Publishing Year
2013
Pages
6
Author Affiliations
1. KKCT Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Kanchi Kamakoti, Childs Trust Hospital, 12A Nageswara Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Kanchi Kamakoti Child Trust Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS, Trust Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
2. Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, KKCT Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
3. KKCT Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Chapter keywords
Hypertensive crisis, Stage I hypertension, Stage II hypertension, Intracranial bleed, Acute left ventricular failure, Renal failure, Hypertensive encephalopathy, PICU, Hypertensive urgency, Hypertensive emergency

Abstract

The systolic/diastolic blood pressure greater than 95th percentile for the age/gender and height of the patient measured at least on three separate occasions 1–3 weeks apart is defined as hypertension. There is stage I and stage II hypertension. Patients falling into the stage II hypertension criteria are to be considered in hypertensive crisis and they should be managed in PICU. The patients falling into hypertensive crisis should be labeled into either hypertensive urgency or hypertensive emergency. In hypertensive urgency the stage II hypertension occurs without end-organ damage. Whereas in hypertensive emergency the stage II hypertension occurs with end-organ damage and it occurs in the form of either hypertensive encephalopathy, intracranial bleed, acute left ventricular failure, or renal failure. The chapter discusses about the treatment and management of hypertensive crisis.

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