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Chapter-09 The Complete Transthoracic Echocardiography

BOOK TITLE: Comprehensive Textbook of Echocardiography (2 Volumes)

Author
1. Hughes-Doichev Rachel
2. Radhakrishnan Anita
3. Fakhri Abid Ali
4. Tulaba Teena
5. Myers Rachel
ISBN
9789350906347
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11889_9
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2014
Pages
32
Author Affiliations
1. Temple University School of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, Temple University School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
2. Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
3. Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
4. Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
5. Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
Chapter keywords
Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE), 2D Doppler, 3D Doppler, Sonographer’s tips

Abstract

The basics of a comprehensive echocardiographic examination should be mastered before advanced techniques are learned. In this chapter, provide an evidence-based approach to performing a complete transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and provide correlation with normal cardiac structure and function. Introduction of TTE, getting started, echocardiographic imaging windows and planes, imaging modalities, parasternal window, apical window, subcostal window, suprasternal notch window, 3D echocardiography, left ventricle chamber quantification and regional wall motion determination are described in detail. 11 tables are included to highlight summary of cardiac structures assessed in a complete echocardiographic examination, sonographer’s tips (patient positioning, how to improve image resolution, proper Doppler interrogation, optimizing parasternal long-axis view, optimizing right ventricular inflow view, right ventricular outflow view, optimizing parasternal short-axis view, optimizing apical four-chamber window, obtaining maximal Doppler gradients of the aortic valve, optimizing the subcostal window). 59 comprehensive and self-explanatory images are included in this chapter. And 22 references are given at the end of the chapter to facilitate further reading.

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