This chapter discusses about the postoperative guidelines in kidney transplantation, where health-care personnel caring for transplant patients should be familiar with the care of such patients. Postoperatively, observe recipients in the postanesthesia care unit until stable to be transferred to the designated transplant floor. Urinary output is replaced with an equivalent volume of intravenous (IV) fluids e.g. normal saline for the first 24 hours after transplantation. Urinary catheters are routinely removed 24 hours after transplantation, where they may be kept in place for longer periods of time based on specific clinical indications that should be clearly documented. In instance of adequate renal function, we eliminate any renal diet restrictions immediately after surgery. Constipation is a frequent finding in the end-stage renal disease population, where it is required to routinely administer oral agents such as magnesium citrate or lactulose to achieve bowel function within the first 24 hours after transplantation.