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Chapter-19 The Nose and Sleep Disorders

BOOK TITLE: Sataloff’s Comprehensive Textbook of Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery (Rhinology/Allergy and Immunology) -Volume 2

Author
1. Park Steven Y
2. Helman Samuel N
ISBN
9789351524564
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12714_20
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2016
Pages
12
Author Affiliations
1. Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
2. Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
Chapter keywords
chronic nasal congestion, malocclusion, mucous membrane, antimicrobial effect, parasympathetic stimulation, antihypertensive medications, nasal dilator devices, vasomotor rhinitis, nasal obstruction, carotid artery atherosclerosis, polysomnography, sleep fragmentation, oropharyngeal narrowing, adenotonsillar hypertrophy

Abstract

This chapter discusses the nose and sleep disorders, where nasal congestion is commonly found in snorers and patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and is also a strong risk factor for having OSA. Patients with high-arched palates, dental crowding and retrognathia are also more likely to have nasal congestion. Proposed functions of the nasal turbinates include promoting laminar airflow, humidification, filtration, heating, and even an antimicrobial effect from nitric oxide (NO) production. With heavy snoring, other soft tissues, such as the tonsils, epiglottis, and tongue base can also vibrate. Nasal congestion is often associated with mouth breathing. Nasal dilatation devices can be applied internally or externally. Snoring intensity remained the same in deep sleep and in rapid eye movement sleep. Nasal surgery may offer significant quality-of-life improvements, but objective results are mixed. Breathe right brand is an externally applied adhesive strip that pulls open the nares.

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