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Chapter-50 Congenital Anomalies of the Ear

BOOK TITLE: Sataloff's Comprehensive Textbook of Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery (Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery) - Volume 3

Author
1. Quatela Vito C
2. Antunes Marcelo B
ISBN
9789351524595
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12699_51
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2016
Pages
12
Author Affiliations
1. Quatela Center for Plastic Surgery, Lindsay House, Rochester, New York, USA, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
2. Quatela Center for Plastic Surgery, Lindsay House, Rochester, New York, USA, Austin, Texas, USA
Chapter keywords
embryogenesis, fetal development, auricular abnormalities, lop ear, Stahl’s ear, cup ear, microtia, cartilaginous framework, tragus, antitragus complex, conchal complex, helix–antihelix complex, lobule, superficial temporal artery, posterior auricular artery, teratogens, vascular anomalies, genetic abnormalities

Abstract

This chapter discusses congenital anomalies of the ear, which occur due to errors during embryogenesis or as a result of intrauterine events that affect embryonic and fetal development. The most common auricular abnormalities are lop ear, Stahl’s ear, cup ear, and microtia. The convoluted appearance of the auricle is a result of the shape of the cartilaginous framework, which is composed of four main portions, which are the tragus, i. e. antitragus complex, the conchal complex, the helix–antihelix complex, and the lobule. The vascular supply to the auricle derives from the superficial temporal artery and the posterior auricular artery, both branches of the external carotid system. The auricle and external ear are derived from the mandibular and hyoid branchial arches. Microtia is thought to have a heterogeneous etiology, which includes teratogens, vascular anomalies, and genetic abnormalities. Microtia reconstruction is perhaps the most humbling endeavor undertaken by the reconstructive surgeon.

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