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Chapter-52 Management of Acute Facial Soft Tissue Injuries

BOOK TITLE: Sataloff's Comprehensive Textbook of Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery (Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery) - Volume 3

Author
1. Bryant Lucas M
2. Heffelfinger Ryan
3. Pribitkin Edmund
ISBN
9789351524595
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12699_53
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2016
Pages
26
Author Affiliations
1. Thomas Jefferson Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
2. Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
3. Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Chapter keywords
acute facial soft tissue injuries, otolaryngologist, hemorrhage, c-spine, intracranial injury, trauma, occult injury, Polytrauma patients, abbreviated injury scale, AIS, injury severity score, ISS, lacerations, avulsions, burns, facial analysis

Abstract

This chapter discusses management of acute facial soft tissue injuries, where an otolaryngologist may very well provide immediate and life-saving care such as establishing a stable airway or controlling life-threatening hemorrhage. Head and neck soft-tissue injuries following a violent mechanism such as high-speed motor vehicle accident should raise suspicion for other life-threatening injuries such as c-spine or intracranial injury. Any soft-tissue facial injury may signify trauma to a deeper structure, and the examiner should be vigilant to rule out further occult injury. Polytrauma patients are often assessed using the abbreviated injury scale (AIS). Once all injuries are accounted for, a score is calculated using the value of the most serious injury in each defined region, where the score is called the injury severity score (ISS). Soft-tissue injuries may be classified as abrasions, lacerations, incisions, avulsions, and burns. Facial analysis incorporates the use of both soft tissue and bony landmarks.

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