Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. It has been one of the cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. It is estimated that every year 17.3 million deaths occur due to CVD, including myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. The chapter mentions that during the past 40 years, CVD has quadripled in India. WHO estimates that by 2020 more than 50% of cardiac patients worldwide will be Indians. The chapter also marks the important point on current use of statins in primary prevention of CVD. The first primary prevention trial using statin was the WOSCOPS (West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study). The chapter also highlights on the side effects of statins, statin in primary prevention of CVD: ACC/AHA guidelines and intensity of statin therapy in primary prevention. The recent guidelines stress the relevance of patients’ baseline risk and the risk of LDL-C reduction in the absolute CVD risk reduction.