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Section-05 Neurology

BOOK TITLE: IAP Color Atlas of Pediatrics

Author
1. Kunju PAM
2. Verma Anoop
ISBN
9789351527008
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12531_6
Edition
2/e
Publishing Year
2015
Pages
28
Author Affiliations
1. Trivandrum Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, University of Kerala; Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram; American Academy of Neurology; Kerala Association of Neurologists; Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) Kerala, India, Kerala University; Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
2. Swapnil Institute of Child Health, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, Gen-Next Neurocare Center, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, Swapnil Institute of Child Health, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, Swapnil Institute of Child Health, Indian Academy of Pediatrics; Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, Swapnil Nursing Home and Research Center, Chhattisgarh, India, Swapnil Nursing Home and Research Center, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, Swapnil Nursing Home, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, Swapnil Nursing Home, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, Swapnil Nursing Home and Research Centre, Civil Lines, Katora Talab, Raipur, Madhya Pradesh, India, Swapnil Research Center, Raipur, India, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, Swapnil Nursing Home and Research Center, Civil Lines, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
Chapter keywords
neurology, neurologic emergencies, anterior encephalocele, common and uncommon condition in neurology

Abstract

This chapter discusses about the common and uncommon conditions of neurology, neurologic emergencies and the related syndromes. Anterior encephalocele is the sac protruding through defect in cranium, and is treated by repair of encephalocele and decompression surgery. Cervical myelomeningocele with MRI shows vermis, pons, medulla and fourth ventricle displacement into the cervical canal. Chiari II malformations are decompressed with suboccipital craniectomy, multilevel cervical laminectomy, duraplasty, and arachnoid dissection. Child may be asymptomatic and lack neurologic signs in case of spina bifida occulta, and recurrent meningitis of occult origin should prompt careful examination for a small sinus tract in the posterior midline region, including the back of the head. Spastic diplegia is bilateral spasticity of the legs greater than in the arms. In diplegia early physiotherapy by the mother to reduce adductor spasm, antispastic drugs like baclofen, diazepam, tizanidine and appropriate splinting.

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