EXPORT CITATION

Chapter-11 Dynamic Volume Status Indicators

BOOK TITLE: Monitoring in Anesthesia and Critical Care

Author
1. Kaur Manpreet
2. Sadera Girendra
3. Gwinnutt Jennifer
ISBN
9789352700431
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/18044_12
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
10
Author Affiliations
1. Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, Lady Hardinge Medical Collage, New Delhi, India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
2. Wirral University Teaching Hospital, Wirral, Merseyside, United Kingdom
3. Wirral University, Teaching Hospital, Wirral, Merseyside, United Kingdom
Chapter keywords
Pulse pressure variation, systolic pressure variation, aortic blood flow peak velocity, superior vena cava collapsibility index, inferior vena cava collapsibility index, caval index, end-expiratory occlusion, passive leg raise test

Abstract

This chapter explains about the dynamic volume status indicators. Most of the patients admitted in a hospital require intravenous (IV) fluid administration, which is given empirically or depending upon clinical signs. Basic patient measures like skin turgor, heart rate, blood pressure, urine output, central venous pressure, and peripheral oxygen saturation are unreliable in detecting hypovolemic or hypervolemic states. Stroke volume variation (SVV) is the natural fluctuation in stroke volume during a ventilatory cycle. Stroke volume variation is a result of the changes in intrathoracic pressure during respiration. In the spontaneously breathing patient, during inspiration, SV falls as a result of negative intrathoracic pressure impeding ventricular emptying. Stroke volume variation can be used in both the operating room and intensive care unit (ICU) for patients who are receiving positive pressure ventilation. Pulse pressure variation, systolic pressure variation, aortic blood flow peak velocity, superior vena cava collapsibility index, inferior vena cava collapsibility index or caval index, the end-expiratory occlusion, passive leg raise test, etc. are some other important topics also covered in this chapter.

Related Books

© 2019 Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.   |   All Rights Reserved