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Chapter-02 Physiology and Pharmacology of Different Gonadotropins

BOOK TITLE: Handbook of Ovarian Stimulation

Author
1. Banker Manish
2. Gupta Reena
ISBN
9789352700608
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/14200_3
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
16
Author Affiliations
1. Pulse Women’s Hospital, Ahmedabad, Nova IVF Fertility, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, Past President, ISAR, Pulse Women’s Hospital and Melbourne IVF, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, Nova IVI Fertility, India; Pulse Women’s Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; Indian Society for Assisted Reproduction (ISAR), Pulse Women’s Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; Indian Society for Assisted Reproduction (ISAR); Scientific Committee, IFFS 2016, NOVA IVI Fertility and Pulse, Women’s Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; Indian Society for Assisted, Reproduction (ISAR), Nova IVI Fertility, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, Nova IVI Fertility and Pulse Women’s Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, Ahmedabad, Nova IVI Fertility; Pulse Women’s Hospital; Scientific Committee, IFFS 2016, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, ASPIRE; ICMART and ASRM; Draft Committee for the ART Bill of India, ICMR; The Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecological Societies of India; Indian Society for Assisted Reproduction; Nova I
2. Nova IVI, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, Nova IVI Fertility, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, National Board of Examinations; Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, Nova IVI Fertility, New Delhi, India
Chapter keywords
Gonadotropin, ovarian stimulation, follicle-stimulating hormone, FSH, luteinizing hormone, LH, human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG, ovulation induction, human menopausal gonadotropin, menotropin, urinary follicle-stimulating hormone, urofollitropin, recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone, long-acting follicle-stimulating hormone, corifollitropin alfa, follicular development

Abstract

The chapter discusses different types of gonadotropins, and how gonadotropin therapy plays an integral role in ovarian stimulation for infertility treatments. Gonadotropins are hormones secreted by pituitary that have a stimulatory effect on gonads. This family includes follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Physiology and pharmacology of various gonadotropin are also talked about. The human ovarian follicular development depends on the synergistic and sequential effects of the two principal gonadotropins, FSH and LH. Pharmaceutical preparations containing biologically active gonadotropins for ovulation induction have been available in the market for 75 years. Aschheim and Zondek, in 1927, first discovered gonadotropins in the urine of pregnant women. The three gonadotropins are glycoproteins composed of two noncovalently linked protein subunits, alpha and beta subunits. Different gonadotropin preparations are also listed like human menopausal gonadotropin (menotropin), urinary FSH (urofollitropin), recombinant FSH, human chorionic gonadotropin, and long-acting FSH (corifollitropin alfa). Optimal follicular development is supposed to occur when LH is above a threshold of 1.1 IU/L and below a ceiling of 5.1 IU/L.

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