The objective of this chapter is to introduce the arterial disorders. This chapter covers the arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, aneurysm, Raynaud’s disease, and Buerger’s disease along with their types, causes, risk factors, and clinical features. Arteriosclerosis is a general term used to include all conditions with thickening and hardening of the arterial walls. Atherosclerosis is a specific form of arteriosclerosis affecting primarily the intima of large- and medium-sized muscular arteries, and is characterized by fibrofatty plaques or atheroma. An aneurysm is defined as a permanent abnormal dilation of blood vessel occurring due to congenital or acquired weakening or destruction of vessel wall. Aneurysms can occur in both veins and arteries, but they are much more common in arteries. Vasospasm of the acral or distal vessels often triggered by cold stress and relieved by warmth or pharmacological agents. It is characterized by episodic digital ischemia, manifested clinically by the sequential development of digital blanching, cyanosis, and rubor of the fingers or toes following cold exposure and subsequent rewarming. Emotional stress may also precipitate Raynaud’s phenomenon.