This chapter seeks to familiarize the readers with the genetic counseling and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) workup. Genetic counseling is the process by which individuals at risk of an inherited disorder are guided on the nature of the disorder, the probability of developing or transmitting it, tests for accurate diagnosis and the reproductive options available to prevent its recurrence even in the extended family. Pre-test genetic counseling is done by studying the family history and previous reports, determining the pattern of inheritance, identifying carriers who can transmit the disorder, explaining the genetic factors involved and facilitating specific genetic tests to determine the abnormality, if not already detected. Genetic counselors play an important role even for preimplantation genetic testing (PGT). The entire procedure is explained to the couple, together with the advantages, risks and limitations. Importance of genetic testing of an affected child and examples of cases for PGT are also given in this chapter.