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Chapter-15 Echocardiography in Aortic Regurgitation

BOOK TITLE: Textbook of Echocardiography

Author
1. Shanmugasundaram S
2. Ilayaraja U
3. Ganesh Amirtha
4. Rajeswari K
ISBN
9789352700929
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/14136_16
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
10
Author Affiliations
1. KS Hospital, 747 Poonamallee High Road, Kilpauk, Chennai, India, Billroth Institute of Cardiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Tamil Nadu Medical University, Billroth Hospitals; Indian College of Cardiology; Indian Academy of Echocardiography, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Tamil Nadu Medical University and Cardiologist, Billroth Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Tamil Nadu Dr MGR Medical University, Convenor; Billroth Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Billroth Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, The Tamil Nadu Dr MGR Medical University; Billroth Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, The Tamil Nadu Dr MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Billroth Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
2. Billroth Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Billroth Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
3. Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India
4. Billroth Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Billroth Hsopitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Chapter keywords
Echocardiography, valvular heart disease, transesophageal echocardiography TEE, aortic valve, aortic root, aortic regurgitation, AR

Abstract

Echocardiography is the primary imaging modality for assessment of valvular heart diseases including aortic regurgitation (AR). Apart from identifying the presence of AR, echo helps in assessing the severity, etiology and mechanism of AR, serial follow up of an asymptomatic patient with AR and may assist the clinician in choosing the optimal time to intervene. Transthoracic echo is sufficient in most of the patients, while transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is reserved for those with poor acoustic windows, for better delineation of the aortic root and arch and for intraoperative monitoring. This chapter covers the anatomy of aortic valve and aortic root, and echocardiographic evaluation. Evaluation of AR includes identification of the presence of AR, assessment of its severity, analysis of the anatomy of the aortic root and aortic valve, elucidating the etiology and mechanism of the disease process, determining its impact on the structure and function of the left and right ventricles and estimating the progression of disease during serial follow-up.

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