Plaque control is the removal of microbial plaque and the prevention of its accumulation on the teeth and adjacent gingival surfaces. This chapter covers the goals of plaque control measures, basic approaches for plaque control, mechanical plaque control, and chemical plaque control. Plaque control retards the formation of calculus. Removal of plaque leads to resolution of gingival inflammation. Good plaque control facilitates return to and preservation of oral health. There are two basic approaches for plaque control following as mechanical and chemical. Individual mechanical plaque control is achieved by toothbrushes, brushing techniques, instructions in brushing, powered toothbrushes, dentifrices, and interdental cleaning aids. Mechanical plaque removal remains to be a primary preventive method to control dental diseases, and it should not be replaced by chemical plaque control.