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Chapter-07 Nervous System

BOOK TITLE: Manual of Clinical and Practical Medicine

Author
1. Sainani GS
2. Sainani Rajesh G
ISBN
9789352701278
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/18069_8
Edition
2/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
83
Author Affiliations
1. Grant Medical College and J.J.Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Endocrine and Diabetes Centre, Visakhapatnam, India, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai; Armed Forces (for life); Chicago Medical School and Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, USA; 10 Other Foreign Universities & Several Indian Universities, CSI, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; National CSI, Jaslok Hospital & Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Grant Medical College & JJ Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; National Academy of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, Emeritus International Advisor, Royal College of Physicians, London; Chicago Medical School and Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, USA, Jaslok Hospital and Research Center; Grant Medical College and JJ Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
2. Jaslok Hospital and Research Center, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Bhatia Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia; Jaslok Hospital, Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital and Bhatia Hospital, Mumbai; GI Physiology & Motility Laboratory, Digestive Diseases and Endoscopy Centre, Motiben Dalvi Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Chapter keywords
Neurology examination, nervous system, cerebral blood supply, clinical neurology, physical examination, cranial nerve, urinary bladder, spinal cord

Abstract

A systematically conducted neurology examination is most rewarding. One can almost always arrive at a complete diagnosis which includes the site of the lesion (anatomical diagnosis), the functional components affected (physiological diagnosis) and the pathological diagnosis (the possible disease process). This chapter covers the gross anatomy of CNS and cerebral blood supply, clinical neurology, physical examination, cranial nerves, the motor system, sensory system, autonomic nervous system, signs of meningeal irritation, urinary bladder, spinal cord, and clinical cases. Urinary bladder has two components such as the detrusor muscle and the internal sphincter. For effective emptying of bladder, coordinated contraction of detrusor and relaxation of internal sphincter are necessary. Opposite phenomenon allows bladder to relax and get filled with urine. Spinal cord extends from medulla to lower border of L1 vertebra. Vertebral levels do not correspond to spinal segments.

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