The female reproductive system is made up of the internal and external sex organs that function in reproduction of new offspring. The internal sex organs are the uterus, Fallopian tubes, and ovaries. Ovarian surface is covered by single layer of low cuboidal germinal epithelium (misnomer—It does not form germinal cells). It is divided into peripheral cortex and central medulla. Uterus consists of three layers such as Inner endometrium, middle layer of smooth muscle (myometrium), and outer serous layer (perimetrium). The external sex organs are also known as the genitals and these are the organs of the vulva including the labia, clitoris, and vaginal opening. Clinical images are also provided in the chapter.