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Chapter-11 Bacterial Biofilms

BOOK TITLE: Update on Urinary Tract Infections

Author
1. Khattar Nikhil
2. Akhtar Arif
ISBN
9789352701728
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/18034_12
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
25
Author Affiliations
1. Medanta—The Medicity, Gurugram, Haryana, India; PGIMER, Chandigarh, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital New Delhi, India
2. PGIMER, Chandigarh, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital New Delhi, India
Chapter keywords
Bacterial biofilm, planktonic form, colonization, favorable habitat, biofilms maturation, biofilm detachment, biofilms phenotype, scavenger tolerance

Abstract

Biofilm is well accepted that bacteria have two life form: In planktonic form, it exists as single independent cell while in other, it manages to exist as sessile aggregates. Biofilms can tolerate nutrient shortage, pH change, reactive oxygen species, disinfectants, shear force of blood flow, phagocytes, and antibiotics. Bacterial biofilms are associated with protection from phagocytes like polymorphonuclears (PMNs) and other predators including phagotrophic protists and protozoa like free-living amoeba. This is particularly important in chronic infections where biofilms enhance recruitment of PMNs. In vivo and clinical studies on biofilms by genomic sequencing, comparative genomics, proteomics and others have shown new path of dissecting mechanism of biofilm specific resistance and of formulating antibiofilm options. New and novel strategies are being explored towards designing methods and tools to be able to reduce biofilm formation, destabilize its matrix, and/or target and kill persister cells.

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