This chapter describes recent advances in the field of magnetic resonance imaging. Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) is a functional neuroimaging procedure using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology that measures brain activity by detecting associated changes in blood flow. The primary form of fMRI uses the blood-oxygen level dependent (BOLD) contrast. It is used to map neural activity in the brain or spinal cord of humans or other animals by imaging the change in blood flow (hemodynamic response) related to energy use by brain cells. Functional MRI is used both in the research world, and to a lesser extent, in the clinical world. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, is an analytical technique that can often be used to courtesy the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the characterization of tissue. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a rapidly developing technology for quantitatively assessing the mechanical properties of tissue. Real-time MRI refers to the continuous monitoring of moving objects in real time. Recent advances in real-time MRI result in high-quality images with acquisition times of only approximately 30 milliseconds. In this chapter, multiple choice questions are provided along with their answers.