Diabetic neuropathy is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes. It tends to be a distressing complication of diabetes, with the gamut of symptoms that accompany distal symmetric polyneuropathy in diabetes mellitus which significantly impacting ones quality of life. Neuropathic pain is defined as pain as a dysfunction in the nervous system, and also as pain results as a consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system. Persistent neuropathic pain bears a significant impact on quality of life. It impedes work, disturbs sleep, and interferes with recreation and the emotional wellbeing of such patients predisposing them to depression and nonadherence with treatment. This chapter covers the epidemiology of diabetic neuropathies, clinical signs and symptoms of diabetic neuropathy, painful syndrome commonly mistaken for painful diabetic neuropathy, pharmacotherapy for diabetic neuropathic pain, and nonpharmacological treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy.