This chapter aims to guide the readers on writing materials and methods for a research paper. The backbone of any research protocol/paper is its methodology or materials and methods, which determines the reliability and validity of research. It must be written in a very direct and precise way, so that it is easily understandable. It must explain all the procedures and activities undertaken to achieve the objectives. Basic things that need to be mentioned for scientifically sound methodologies are study setting, study design, period of study, study area, study population, sample size, sampling technique, study variables, data collection tools, data collection technique, and data analysis. Sampling techniques may be of two types—probability or nonprobability. The sampling frame is the complete list of elements or units of the population.