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Chapter-16 Alternatives to Animals Use

BOOK TITLE: Practical Manual of Pharmacology for Medical Students

Author
1. Badyal Dinesh
ISBN
9789352702411
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/18065_17
Edition
2/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
6
Author Affiliations
1. Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Chapter keywords
Animal experimentation, cosmetic testing, in vitro technique, dry lab test, quantitative structure‑activity relationship model, QSAR model, limulus amebocyte lysate assay

Abstract

The use of animals in drug development dates back to the period when humans started to look for ways to prevent and cure ailments. The dilemma to continue animal experiments in education and research continues with varied and confusing guidelines. Over the last century, every Nobel Prize for medical research has been dependent on animal research. It is estimated that 50–100 million animals are experimented worldwide from zebrafish to nonhuman primates every year. Most animals are used in only one procedure, after which they either die or are euthanized. The main concern for animals in experimentation is physical and mental stress and pain. Various alternatives to animal use are—in vitro techniques, in silico (computer based/dry lab tests), and invertebrate animals can be used to replace the more commonly used laboratory animals.

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