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Chapter-08 Diagnostic Procedures in Infectious Keratitis

BOOK TITLE: Gems of Ophthalmology—Cornea and Sclera

Author
1. Sharma Savitri
2. Athmanathan Sreedharan
ISBN
9789352702480
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/18039_9
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
30
Author Affiliations
1. LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hydrabad, Andhra Pradesh, India, Devchand Nagin Das Jhaveri, Microbiology Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Jhaveri Microbiological Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India, Jhaveri Microbiological Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India, LVPEI Network, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India, LV Prasad Eye Institute Network; Jhaveri Microbiology Centre, Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
2. LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hydrabad, Andhra Pradesh, India, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Chapter keywords
Infectious keratitis, microbial keratitis, fungal keratitis, corneal confocal microscopy, molecular method, viral keratitis, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, cytology

Abstract

The aim of this chapter is to focus on the diagnostic procedure in infectious keratitis. Microbial keratitis may be caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites or viruses and each of these may produce a spectrum of disease which may or may not have distinctive clinical appearance. Introduction of in vivo confocal microscopy has helped to confirm clinical diagnosis without laboratory aid, especially for Acanthamoeba and fungal keratitis, although the high cost of the equipment remains a limitation. This chapter covers the corneal confocal microscopy, molecular methods, and protocol for viral keratitis. Confocal microscopy is a noninvasive technique that offers high image magnification and contrasts that allow visualization of corneal details in vivo. Repeated observations can be made which help in diagnosis and follow-up of cases with microbial keratitis. Diagnostic accuracy of confocal microscopy in microbial keratitis has been studied extensively.

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