Breastfeeding is an important physiological event in the postpartum period. Lack of education about breastfeeding, inadequate support, more frequent surgical procedures, nipple abnormalities and infections are some other factors which could be operational in women with diabetes. Breastfeeding is associated with increased insulin-mediated glucose uptake which contributes to reduction in hyperinsulinemia and promotes lipid and triglyceride utilization. Lower leptin and visfatin levels with breastfeeding have also been reported. The effect of breastfeeding education on T2DM education is anticipated although not yet supported by evidence. Additionally, ensuring good metabolic control in women with T2DM is also effective in increasing chances of breastfeeding initiation and continuation. Maternal education about breastfeeding appears to be the single most important factor which can improve breastfeeding rates. Breastfeeding rates in diabetes can be improved by education and promotion of breastfeeding although glycemic control may also play a role.