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Chapter-03 Complications and their Management

BOOK TITLE: Applications of Ultrasound in Anesthesia A Handbook

Author
1. Lalchandani Kavita S
ISBN
9789352702701
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/14204_4
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
9
Author Affiliations
1. SSG Hospital and Medical College, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
Chapter keywords
Central venous access, insertion site, central venous catheterization, antimicrobial-impregnated catheter, bloodstream infection, arterial puncture, air embolism, thrombotic complication

Abstract

The complications associated with central venous access are divided into infectious, vascular, and miscellaneous. Experience with catheterization, ultrasound guidance, and insertion sites are the factors determining rate of complications. Rate of infection due to central venous access depends on insertion technique, use of prophylactic antibiotic or on type of catheter used. Arterial puncture, hematoma, and pneumothorax are the most common mechanical complications during the catheterization of internal jugular vein and subclavian vein. Hematoma and arterial puncture are common during femoral venous catheterization. When accidental cannulation of an arterial vessel occurs, the dilator or catheter should be left in place and a general surgeon should be immediately consulted regarding surgical or nonsurgical catheter removal for adults. Thrombotic complications are high with femoral vein than internal jugular vein and found least with subclavian vein.

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