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Chapter-02 Disorders of Red Blood Cells

BOOK TITLE: Hematopathology Pearls

Author
1. Zhang Da
ISBN
9789352703234
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/14222_3
Edition
2/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
38
Author Affiliations
1. The University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, USA, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA, University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
Chapter keywords
Red blood cell disorder, mean cell volume, MCV, anemia, sideroblastic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Abstract

Red blood cell disorders affect the body’s red blood cells. These are cells in your blood that carry oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. There are a variety of these disorders, which can affect both children and adults. Anemia can be classified according to red blood cell size (mean cell volume, MCV) or other pathophysiological changes such as anemia related to diminished production or accelerated loss of red blood cells, hemoglobinopathy, etc. Hypochromic or microcytic anemia is characterized by a MCV of greater than 80 fL and often hypochromatic. These anemias can be divided into three groups following as disorders of iron metabolism or utilization (iron deficiency and anemia of chronic disease), disorders of globulin protein synthesis (Thalassemia), disorder of heme synthesis (Sideroblastic anemia). The megaloblastic anemias are a group of disorders characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis and distinctive morphology in the bone marrow. Anemia related to hemolysis, anemia associated with hemoglobinopathies, and other anemia-related syndromes are also covered in this chapter.

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