Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is a condition characterized by the appearance of pathological neovascular membrane arising from choriocapillaris. ARMD is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly population, aged 65 years and above. This chapter covers the epidemiology and etiology, symptoms and signs, differential diagnosis, diagnostics, and therapy. Differential diagnosis includes central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), idiopathic choroidal neovascular membrane, myopic choroidal neovascularization, Best’s disease (vitelliform macular dystrophy), ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (OHS), angioid streaks, and choroidal rupture. Patients with neovascular membrane are treated with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections.