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Chapter-05 Helicobacter pylori and duodenal ulcer: What has changed in 35 years from 1982?

BOOK TITLE: Roshan Lall Gupta’s Recent Advances in Surgery (Volume 15)

Author
1. Kate Vikram
2. Ananthakrishnan N
3. Kalayarasan R
4. Subair Mohsina
ISBN
9789352703630
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/18045_6
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
22
Author Affiliations
1. Jawaharlal Institute of Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate, Medical Education and Research, (JIPMER), Puducherry, India, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate, Medical Education and Research Puducherry, India
2. Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, Perunthalaivar Kamaraj Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Puducherry, India, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth Deemed University Puducherry, India
3. Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) Puducherry, India, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate, Medical Education and Research, (JIPMER), Puducherry, India, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
4. Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate, Medical Education and Research, (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
Chapter keywords
Helicobacter pylori, duodenal ulcer, DU, medical therapy, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, ITP, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, MALT, vacuolating cytotoxin

Abstract

Duodenal ulcer (DU) resulting from acid induced damage of duodenal mucosa remains a problem in developing countries. While multiple predisposing factors for DU including smoking, stress, ulcerogenic drugs etc. have been identified, it is the identification and description of Helicobacter pylori by Warren and Marshall in 1982 that dramatically changed our understanding of its pathogenesis and treatment. This chapter covers the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer, clinical presentation, diagnosis of H. pylori, management, and H. pylori and duodenal ulcer. The mainstay of treatment of ulcers was antacids and anticholinergics prior to the discovery of H. pylori. The focus of treatment has, since then, shifted to an antibiotic based eradication of the bacteria. Medical therapy has remained the preferred treatment for H. pylori eradication in DU and has been constantly evolving. The identification of the role of anti-secretory agents in the treatment of H. pylori has revolutionized the treatment regimens.

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