This chapter covers the surgical interventions required for the treatment of diseases related to chest wall. Modified radical mastectomy is indicated in the treatment of breast cancer and involves removal of whole breast, area of nipple-areolar region or skin around the tumor with 1cm margin. Different types of modifications used in this technique include Patey’s type, Scanlon’s modification and Auchincloss modification. It can cause various complications such as haemorrhage due to injury to vascular structures like axillary vein and artery, lymphedema and late metastatic disease. Fibroadnemoa is the most common benign tumour of the breast and it can be removed by performing fibroadenoma enucleation. It can be performed under local as well as general anaesthesia. Various complications related to this procedure are hematoma formation, wound dehiscence and incomplete excision of fibroadenoma. Drainage of intercostal space is required in certain conditions such as pneumothorax, hemothorax and pleural effusion. It can cause injury to intercostal nerves and vessels as well as injury to lung or bronchial vessels.