The chapter discusses about the urinary tract injury in urogynecological surgeries like laparoscopic surgery and vaginal surgery. The genital organs and urinary tract arise in the intermediate mesoderm on either side of the root of the mesentery beneath the epithelium of the coelom. Subsequent growth and development of the two systems make an intimate anatomic relationship between them. This close proximity, embryologically and anatomically, predisposes the lower urinary tract at risk of trauma during urogynecologic surgery. Approximately, 1–2% of gynaecological surgeries result in urinary tract injuries. Up to 90% of lower urinary tract injuries occur in gynecologic surgeries. Majority of those injuries, if not all, are avoidable. Prevention and principles of management of urinary tract injuries are emphasized in this chapter.