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Chapter-02 Growth and Development

BOOK TITLE: Partha’s Management Algorithms in Pediatric and Adolescent Practice

Author
1. Nair MKC
2. Bhaskaran Deepa
ISBN
9789352703838
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/14142_3
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
20
Author Affiliations
1. Child Development Centre, Medical College Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur; Child Development Center, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur; Child Development Center, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India, Kerala University of Health Sciences; NIMS-Spectrum-Child Development Research Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala; Behavioral and Adolescent Pediatrics; Child Development Centre and Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Kerala University of Health Sciences; Child Development Centre and Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala; Child Development Centre and Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thriss
2. Child Development Center Medical College Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Child Development Centre, Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Child Development Center, Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Child Development Center, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, Child Development Center, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Child Development Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Child Development Center, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Child Development Centre, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram
Chapter keywords
Precocious puberty, speech delay, obese adolescent, standard deviation, SD, central nervous system, developmental language disorder, remedial therapy, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Abstract

The aim of this chapter is to focus on the growth and development. This chapter is divided into four parts, which include approach to a child with precocious puberty, evaluation of a toddler with speech delay, evaluation of an obese adolescent, and evaluation of an adolescent with poor school performance. Precocious puberty refers to development of secondary sexual characters at an age that is more than 2.5 standard deviations (SD) below the population’s mean age of pubertal onset. The standard cutoff is that puberty is considered precocious when it occurs before age 8 years in girls and age 9 years in boys. Speech is the motor act of communicating by articulating verbal expression, whereas language is the knowledge of a symbol system used for interpersonal communication. The speech-delayed child’s skills are acquired in a normal sequence, but at a slower-than-normal rate. Adolescents are said to be performing poorly in academics, if they fail in one or more subject or class or if their marks are below 10th percentile in a particular class or subject or if they are identified by the parent or teacher as “difficult” to teach.

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