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Chapter-11 Infection and Infertility

BOOK TITLE: Practical Guide to Infertility

Author
1. Gupta Krishnendu
2. Biswas Subhash Chandra
3. Chhetri Alpana
ISBN
9789352704828
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/18068_12
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
14
Author Affiliations
1. Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan, Kolkata, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences (VIMS), Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal; Indian College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Kolkata, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences (VIMS), Kolkata, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata, India, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan Kolkata
2. Education and Research, Kolkata, Institute of Postgraduate Medical, Education and Research, Kolkata, IPGMER, SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, IPGMER, SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical, Education and Research; Board of Studies West Bengal, University of Health Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
3. CSS College of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Child Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Chapter keywords
Infection, infertility, urogenital tract, infertile couple, microorganism, pelvic inflammatory disease, gonococcal infection, chlamydial infection, nongonococcal-nonchlamydial infection, genital mycoplasmas, genital tuberculosis

Abstract

Infections of the urogenital tract are responsible for 15% of infertile couples. Microorganisms present in the human urogenital tract may be involved in the inflammatory alterations, which may result in complete loss of fertility. Infections may affect different sites of male reproductive tract such as testis, epididymis, and male accessory sex glands. Spermatozoa themselves subsequently can affect the urogenital system at different levels of their development, maturation, and transport. The most common microorganisms interfering with male infertility are Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Less frequently, male infertility is due to nonsexually transmitted epididymo-orchitis, mostly caused by Escherichia coli. Infections and female infertility include pelvic inflammatory disease, gonococcal infection, chlamydial infection, nongonococcal-nonchlamydial infection, genital mycoplasmas, and genital tuberculosis. This chapter covers the diagnostic considerations of pelvic inflammatory disease, prevention and treatment, diagnosis and management of infertility due to tubal infection, and management of tubal disease to enhance fertility.

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