Endodontic surgery is defined “as removal of tissues other than the contents of root canal to retain a tooth with pulpal or periapical involvement”. Surgical intervention is required for cases where retreatment has failed or is not an option, and the tooth is to be retained rather than extracted. Endodontic therapy eliminates root canal flora by chemomechanical debridement followed by obturation of the canal to achieve a seal. Clinical radiographic and histological observation is the criteria for evaluating success. Failures may arise due to inadequate control of infection, poor design of the access cavity, inadequate instrumentation and obturation, missed canals and coronal leakage. The rationale of surgical endodontics is to remove the diseased tissue present in the canal and around the apex, and retrofil the root canal space with biologically inert material so as to achieve a fluid tight seal.