The human body is a complex system, which consists of several levels and subsystems. At the chemical level acids and bases is one of the essential compounds upon which all biochemical process depends. The acid base homeostasis maintained for cellular viability, enzymatic reactions, protein conformation and CNS functions, etc. Carbonate bicarbonate, phosphate buffer, protein buffer (hemoglobin) are the major buffer systems of our body helps to maintain the balance. The respiratory system also participates in the regulation of acid base balance whenever there is a change in the acid base concentration either by eliminating or retaining CO2. Kidney plays an important role in the regulation of acid base concentration by excreting either acidic or basic urine. Metabolic acidosis and alkalosis are the two acid base disorders whenever there is a disturbance in the metabolism. Hypo or hyperventilation causes respiratory acidosis and alkalosis.