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Chapter-012 Synovial Fluid

BOOK TITLE: Textbook of Orthopedics & Trauma (4 Volumes)

Author
1. Bhan Surya
2. Dua Aman
ISBN
9789385891052
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12869_13
Edition
3/e
Publishing Year
2016
Pages
7
Author Affiliations
1. Primus Ortho and Spine Hospital, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, Primus Hospital, Chanakya Puri, New Delhi, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delihi, Primus Ortho and Spine Hospital, Chandragupt Marg, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India, Primus Superspecialty Hospital, New Delhi, India
2. Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India, Association of Hair Restoration Surgeons of India; ISHRS, AAHRS; AK Clinics, New Delhi and Ludhiana, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, Primus Superspecialty Hospital, New Delhi, India, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, AK Clinics Pvt Ltd, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, AK Clinics, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Chapter keywords
synovial fluid, plasma, hemarthrosis, articular cartilage, mucin, hyaluronic acid, rheumatoid arthritis, RA, monoarticular arthritis

Abstract

The objective of this chapter is to introduce the synovial fluid. The synovial fluid is a plasma transudate from synovial capillaries modified by the secretary activities of the type B synovial lining cells. The major difference between synovial fluid and other body fluids that are plasma dialysate is the high content of hyaluronic acid (mucin) in synovial fluid. Synovial fluid has mainly two functions inside the joint which are lubrication of joint surfaces and nutrition of articular cartilage. A known diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or Gout or pseudogout does not exclude infection, especially when one joint is disproportionately affected. Analysis of joint fluid should be performed as part of the diagnostic evaluation in joint disease and an effusion. Examination of joint fluid is especially important in monoarticular arthritis in which septic arthritis must be distinguished from a wide variety of possible causes.

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