This chapter discusses advances in orthopedic imaging. Availability of newer, better treatment options continue to pose new challenges to the radiologists, with an ever increasing demand for details of anatomy and also physiology. The most relevant amongst these, as far as orthopedic imaging is concerned, are the increasing availability of 3 Tesla (3T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners, newer modalities of positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and PET-MRI. Positron emission tomography provides functional information of tissue metabolism and is hence of immense value in musculoskeletal tumors, both in the initial evaluation and in monitoring response to treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging is increasingly used to assess the severity and extent of several pathological conditions affecting muscles, like neurological, inflammatory/infectious, traumatic and neoplastic diseases. Applications of orthopedic imaging are also discussed in this chapter.