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Chapter-212 Hand Splinting

BOOK TITLE: Textbook of Orthopedics & Trauma (4 Volumes)

Author
1. Joshi BB
ISBN
9789385891052
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12869_213
Edition
3/e
Publishing Year
2016
Pages
18
Author Affiliations
1. Sagar Sangam, Bandra Reclamation, Mumbai, India, JESS Research and Development Centre, No 10 ONGC Complex, Bandra Reclamation (W), Mumbai, JESS Research and Development Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Chapter keywords
Splinting, angle of pull, ligamentous structure, pressure, lever balance, fabrication, thermoplastic, mallet finger splint, gutter splint, capener splint, dorsal outrigger, web spacer splint, glove rubber band

Abstract

Splinting is a commonly used therapeutic procedure in the management of hand injuries. Every trauma produces a variable amount of fibrosis. A splint can neutralize its ill effects. Anatomical facts considered useful in construction and application of a splint are arches, palm, thumb, functional position, lumbrical position, creases and prehension patterns. Generally, most of the mistakes in hand splinting are caused by inattention to detail. When splinting, one must consider the potential problem areas and implement the splinting program accordingly to get the most comfortable fit. Mechanical principles provide the basis for the application of forces to the hand. Without an understanding of these principles, significant harm may be done to the joint structures. When inequality in passive motion exists the splint needs an attachment which would prevent excursion of a normal joint and allow full energy expenditure on the affected joint by providing effective traction. A splint is an assembly of several specific units meant to perform specific functions, which are presented in this chapter. Splints have variously been classified depending upon their purpose, shape, mechanics, driving force, material used or positioning. This chapter aims to cover a brief discussion on material and instruments used in the fabrication of splints, low-temperature thermoplastic splints, Jig for construction of spring or helix, and clinical applications of splints.

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