The aim of this chapter is to introduce the gout. Hereditary condition of disturbed purine metabolism leading to hyperuricemia in which monosodium urate monohydrate crystals are deposited in articular, periarticular, subcutaneous tissues; clinically characterized by recurring attacks of acute arthritis with intervals of freedom and in late stages by crippling deforming arthritis, nephritis, urinary calculi and cardiovascular lesions. This chapter discusses risk factors of gout, genetic basis of gout, acute gouty arthritis, clinical presentation, interval gout, renal manifestations, chronic tophaceous gout, diagnostic evaluation, treatment, and acute gouty arthritis. Meat, seafood, fructose and alcohol, obesity, hypertension, chronic renal failure, diuretics, b-blockers, angiotensin II receptor antagonist are the risk factors of gout. Three treatments currently available for acute gouty arthritis attacks are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine and corticosteroids.