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Chapter-332 General Pediatric Orthopedics

BOOK TITLE: Textbook of Orthopedics & Trauma (4 Volumes)

Author
1. Diwan Sandeep M
2. Naik Premal
3. Mehta Rujuta
4. Sampath Jayanth Sundar
5. Shah Hitesh H
6. Negandhi Rajiv
7. Gupta Parmanand
ISBN
9789385891052
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12869_333
Edition
3/e
Publishing Year
2016
Pages
31
Author Affiliations
1. Postgraduate Institute of Swasthiyog Pratishthan, Extension Area, Miraj, Postgraduate Institute of Swasthiyog Pratishthan, Miraj, Maharashtra, India
2. NHL Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, NHL Municipal Medical College; Rainbow Superspeciality Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, Rainbow Superspecialty Hospital and Children’s Orthopedic Centre; Smt NHL Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
3. 5, Garden View Society, Sarojini Road, Vile Parel (West), Mumbai, Balabhai Nanavati Hospital, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Shushrusha Hospital; Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, BJ Wadia Hospital for Children; Nanavati Superspecialty Hospital, Jaslok Hospital, Sushrusha Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra India
4. Bangalore Institute of Movement Research and Analysis, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Bangalore Institute of Movement, Research and Analysis, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
5. North Shore-LIJ Health System; Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York, USA
6. Hong Kong UK Singapore USA; Postgraduate Institute of Swasthiyog Pratishthan, Fracture and Orthopedic Hospital, Miraj, Maharashtra, India, Hong Kong UK Singapore USA, Postgraduate Institute of Swasthiyog Pratishthan, Fracture and Orthopedic Hospital, Miraj, Maharashtra, India
7. Government Medical College Hospital, Chandigarh, India, Government Medical College and Hospital (GMCH), Chandigarh, India
Chapter keywords
Pediatric orthopedic, gait analysis, normal gait cycle, abnormal gait, normal karyotype, chromosomal aberration, autosomal recessive inheritance, multifactorial inheritance, inhalational anesthetic, intravenous anesthetic

Abstract

This chapter divided into four parts i.e. clinical examination of the child with an orthopedic problem, gait analysis, genetics in pediatric orthopedics and anesthetic consideration in pediatric orthopedics. Clinical evaluation of a child is the key to diagnosis of a child presenting with orthopedic problems. The clinical problems in a child are somewhat different from that of an adult, so it is important to be familiar with the pediatric orthopedic examination. The normal human gait provides a smooth energy efficient transfer of the body through space. Bipedal gait sacrifices stability and speed to free the upper extremities for prehensile functions. Physiological variants, trauma, infection, neoplasia, inflammatory, congenital, neuromuscular and developmental disorders are the different causes of abnormal gait. Genetics is the science of inheritance. Normal karyotype, chromosomal aberrations, autosomal recessive inheritance, multifactorial inheritance and nontraditional modes of inheritance are the parts of the genetics in pediatric orthopedics. Pediatric orthopedics encompasses a wide ranging variety of surgery from the neonatal period to 12 years and beyond. Anesthesia, as a necessary adjunct, has to be tailored according to the age, size and general condition of the patient, as well as the surgical procedure.

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