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Chapter-344 Total Knee Arthroplasty

BOOK TITLE: Textbook of Orthopedics & Trauma (4 Volumes)

Author
1. Mullaji Arun
2. Shah Siddharth N
3. Shyam Ashok K
4. Sancheti Parag
5. Tapasvi Sachin
6. Wakankar Hemant
7. Babhulkar Sushrut
8. Bhende Harish
9. Thonse Chirag
10. Gugale Sunny
11. Reddy AV Gurava
12. Kulkarni Mahesh
13. Alquwayee Khalid
14. Haddad Fares S
15. Masri Bassam A
ISBN
9789385891052
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12869_345
Edition
3/e
Publishing Year
2016
Pages
71
Author Affiliations
1. Breach Candy Hospital and Lilavati Hospital, Mumbai, Breach Candy Hospital, Mumbai, India, Breach Candy Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, The Arthritis Clinic, Cornelian, Kemp’s Corner; Breach Candy Hospital, Cumballa Hill Hospital and Hinduja Healthcare, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Breach Candy Hospital and Lilavati Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
2. Bhatia Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Bhatia Hospital, Saifee Hospital, Raheja Hospital, Sir HN Reliance Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Journal of Association of Physicians of India, Bhatia, SL Raheja, Saifee and Sir HN Reliance Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Bhatia Hospital, Saifee Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, University of Mumbai; Bhatia, SL Raheja, Saifee, and Sir HN Reliance Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, University of Mumbai; Bhatia, SL Raheja; Saifee, and Sir HN Reliance Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Sir HN Reliance Hospital, Bhatia Hospital, SL Raheja Hospital, Saifee Hospital, Global Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; JAPI, API Textbook of Medicine, Xth Edition, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Bhatia Hospital, Saifee Hospital; Journal of Association of Physicians of India; API Textbook of Medicine, IX Edition, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, SL Raheja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, S. L. Raheja Hospital, Bhatia Hospital, and Sir H. N. Hospital, Mumbai~
3. Sancheti Institute for Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Pune, Maharashtra, India, The Arthritis Clinic, Mumbai, Sancheti Institute for Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pune; Indian Orthopedic Research Group, Thane, Maharashtra, India; Indian Orthopedics Research Society; Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports
5. The Orthopaedic Speciality Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India, 8, Status Chambers, 1221/A, Wrangler Paranjape Road, Off. FC Road, Pune, Maharashtra, India, The Orthopedic Speciality Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India, 8, Status Chambers, 1221/A, Wrangler Paranjape Road, Off. FC Road, Pune
6. Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India, B-89, Tulshibagwale Colony, Devchhayaa, Sahakar Nagar Road Parvati, Pune, Maharashtra, India
7. Center for Joint Reconstruction Surgery, Sushrut Institute of Medical Sciences, Research Center and Postgraduate Institute of Orthopedics, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India, Sushrut Hospital Research Centre and Postgraduate Institute of Orthopedics, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India; Trauma Society of India; Centre for Joint Reconstruction and Trauma Surgery
8. Laud Clinic, Shushrusha Hospital, Harkison Das Hospital, Breach Candy Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, 5, Satjangad Co-Op. Housing Society, 166-D, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Dadar (E), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
9. St. Martha’s Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, St Martha’s Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
10. Sancheti Institute for Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Pune, Maharashtra, India
11. Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Sunshine Group of Hospitals, Sunshine Hospitals, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
12. Joint Replacement Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
13. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
14. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
15. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Chapter keywords
Total knee arthroplasty, valgus deformity, soft tissue balancing, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, total knee replacement, infected total knee replacement, high tibial osteotomy, venous thromboembolism, medial epicondylar osteotomy

Abstract

Total knee arthroplasty is one of the most successful surgeries that has alleviated the suffering of millions of knee arthritis sufferers all over the world, with over 90% survival rate at 10–15 years. Total knee arthroplasty is essentially a surface replacement of the articulating surfaces of the femur, tibia and patella. Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory arthritis, post-traumatic arthritis, osteonecrosis, arthritis associated with polio, hemophilia, etc. are the indications for the total knee replacement. This chapter focuses on the overview and basic concepts of total knee arthroplasty, indications and contraindications of total knee arthroplasty, preoperative evaluation, prosthesis designs consideration, primary total knee arthroplasty: approaches and incision considerations, correction of varus and valgus deformity during total knee arthroplasty, soft tissue balancing in total knee replacement, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, complications of total knee arthroplasty, long-term results of total knee arthroplasty, approaches for revision knee arthroplasty surgery and principles of revision total knee replacement for aseptic loosening. Infected total knee replacement and results of revision total knee arthroplasty are also discussed in this chapter.

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