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Chapter-077 Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis

BOOK TITLE: Textbook of Orthopedics & Trauma (4 Volumes)

Author
1. Khanna Manish
2. Agarwal Pradeep
ISBN
9789385891052
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12869_78
Edition
3/e
Publishing Year
2016
Pages
10
Author Affiliations
1. Indian Orthopaedic Rheumatology Association; Government Medical College, Ambedkarnagar, Uttar Pradesh; Stem Cell Society of India, Mumbai, Indian Orthopaedic Rheumatology, Association; Indian Stem Cell Study; Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
2. Raffels Hospital, Panchukla, Haryana, India
Chapter keywords
juvenile arthritis, JA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, JIA, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, JRA, human leukocyte antigen, HLA

Abstract

This chapter discusses juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Arthritis Foundation, juvenile arthritis (JA) refers to any form of arthritis or an arthritis-related condition that develops in children or teenagers who are less than 18 years of age. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common type of arthritis affecting children. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is the most common chronic rheumatologic disease in children and is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood. The etiology is unknown, and the genetic component is complex, making clear distinctions between the various subtype difficult. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a clinical diagnosis. Physical findings are important to provide criteria for diagnosis and to detect abnormalities suggestive of alternative etiologies. The diagnosis of JIA is based on the physical finding of arthritis in at least one joint that has persisted for at least 6 weeks, with other causes excluded, in an individual younger than 16 years. Signs and symptoms, treatment and management of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis are also discussed in this chapter.

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